Abrizan articles

The use of nanoparticles in the manufacture of anti-corrosion coatings is one of the most important achievements of nanotechnology. Important functions of nanoparticles in corrosion control include improving barrier properties, cathodic protection, anodic protection, and increasing the adhesion properties of the coating.

Organic coatings protect metal from the environment in the form of a very thin layer. Varnishes, paints, enamels, bituminous rubbers, and plastics are organic coatings that can partially cut off the metal from the environment and thus protect metals. An important factor in the development of organic coatings is the petroleum industry, which produces the main components of chemical resins.

These coatings, which are used to protect against corrosion, contain mineral compounds and are often made of glass and cement. The most common mineral anti-corrosion coatings are glass glazes.

Another way to protect metal from corrosion is to use corrosion-resistant coatings. Coatings refer to thin layers of materials that are applied to the surface of a metal to achieve goals such as improving surface strength, improving corrosion resistance, aesthetic appearance, and thermal insulation.

Another way to protect metal from corrosion is to use corrosion-resistant coatings. Coatings refer to thin layers of materials that are applied to the surface of a metal to achieve goals such as improving surface strength, improving corrosion resistance, aesthetic appearance, and thermal insulation.

The increasing expansion of various industries, including factories, power plants, refineries, automotive industries, cable manufacturing, etc., has made it more necessary to understand the types of materials and their performance against corrosive environments. The importance of choosing the right materials in different corrosive environments is such that it has become the most important and common tool for controlling corrosion.

A silicate glass used for glass membranes consists of an infinite three-dimensional structure of four negatively charged SiO4 groups, in which each silicon is bonded to four oxygens and each oxygen to two silicons. Within the network of this structure there are enough cations to neutralize the negative charge of the silicate group. Singly charged cations such as sodium and lithium move in the network and are responsible for electrical conduction within the membrane.

The pH of water determines the concentration of hydrogen ions and its acidity or alkalinity. Pure water dissociates to a very small extent into H and OH ions. The pH of drinking water should usually be around 7 (neutral). If the pH is less than 7, the water is acidic, and if the pH is above 7, the water is alkaline.

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a standard called NFPA 704 that is used to identify hazards from materials (especially chemicals). Among occupational health and safety experts, this standard has become known as the Hazard Diamond. It seems that the Rescue Diamond might have been a more appropriate name for the Hazard Diamond!

Water is used in most parts of a steel plant. A steel plant cannot operate without water. Therefore, steel plants are typically built near abundant sources of fresh water to ensure the availability and quality of the water they require. However, today, special attention has been paid to the management of water resources available in the steel plant environment, especially in terms of its quality, quantity and how it is used.

Disinfection is a key step in water treatment. In water treatment plants, this step is usually performed just before or after filtration. Pre-disinfection using chlorine dioxide and ozone can also be performed with careful consideration of the potential for chlorite, chlorate, and bromate formation.

Corrosion inhibitors are usually oxidizing chemicals (minerals) that, when added to a corrosive environment, enhance the corrosion potential and thus cause the metal to corrode. Chromates, nitrates, molybdenum are among these.

In the cathodic protection method, by applying a direct electric current to the metal or by contacting it with a sacrificial anode, the corrosion rate is reduced. In this case, on the metal surface where both cathodic and anodic regions exist, the anodic regions become cathodes, and as a result, the desired system or equipment becomes completely cathodic.

Corrosion engineers or technicians must determine which method to use for cathodic protection under different conditions. The project manager must be able to compare the various factors affecting the two cathodic protection methods and select the best one.

In anodic protection, the applied electric current is usually equal to the amount of corrosion of the structure being protected. Therefore, it is not only a protection method but also a method of measuring the instantaneous corrosion rate.

Microbial corrosion is a term used as an abbreviation in Persian. The exact term for this corrosion is microbiologically influenced corrosion and is abbreviated as MIC. Therefore, microbial corrosion can be defined as a type of corrosion that is exacerbated by the presence and activity of specific microorganisms.