When water is used as a thermal fluid, the salts and hardness in the water are separated due to the temperature shock and settle on the surfaces, forming deposits. These deposits are one of the most important factors of erosion and corrosion in heating and cooling installations.

The most important method for preventing sediment formation is to improve the quality of water used in various industries. This method is carried out in various forms such as sedimentation, filtration, deaeration, degreasing, using the under-water rinsing method, and softening the water used.

Corrosion by sulfate-reducing bacteria was first discovered in the Netherlands in 1934. Sulfate-reducing bacteria, abbreviated as SRB, live in aquatic environments, deep underground and in the seas, where dissolved oxygen is minimal.

With the advancement of boiler technology and its ancillary equipment, the importance of training in their repair and maintenance has also increased significantly, and only efficient and skilled people can undertake the repair and maintenance of today's boilers.

Biocide solutions are used to control microbial load and especially to control microbial corrosion in industrial water systems.

Water is the source of life and the continuation of life for living organisms, as well as a fundamental factor in the emergence of human communities and civilizations. Today, the total volume of the Earth's water, which is the source of life for all organisms, has remained almost constant and unchanging since its formation. These water resources were created about 4.5 billion years ago.

Pure water does not exist in nature due to its high solubility and contains various impurities. Water impurities are classified into three general categories: dissolved solids, suspended and colloidal solids, and gases.

The factor affecting the corrosion and sedimentation of water is alkalinity. For example, the alkalinity of water used in steam boilers must be high enough to prevent corrosion of the boiler walls.

Hard water is a term used to describe water containing cations of calcium, magnesium, strontium, iron, manganese, etc. Since the amount of strontium, iron, and manganese in water is very low, calcium and magnesium cations are considered the main cause of water hardness.

Copper anti-corrosion is an extremely effective product that ensures the health and longevity of the system, given the use of copper in various industries.

One of the most important measures that is prioritized with the approach of the cold season and the start-up of heating systems is to investigate problems with radiators and packages. One of the most important reasons that can cause radiators to not heat evenly is the deposition of deposits and debris inside the radiator fins.

Lithium bromide absorption chiller is one of the most common types of absorption chillers in which lithium bromide plays the role of absorbing water vapor to reduce the pressure in the evaporator chamber.

Lithium bromide is a chemical widely used in absorption chillers. This chemical has a high moisture absorption capacity. Therefore, it is able to absorb the vapors in the system and thus return them to the liquid phase. However, lithium bromide is highly corrosive.

Marine equipment deposits, which are mostly calcium and magnesium, act as an insulator between the metal surface and the water and cause the metal temperature to increase, resulting in reduced engine cooling. Marine equipment descaling plays a significant role in reducing costs, including fuel consumption, equipment maintenance, washing, etc.

Corrosion of metals is the process in which metals reach their original oxidation numbers. In fact, corrosion of metals is an oxidation-reduction reaction in which the metal is oxidized by its surroundings. Typically, oxygen from the air acts as the oxidant in these processes.

Oxygen scavengers, oxygen scavengers, oxygen absorbers, anti-oxygen or (oxygen scavenger) are used to remove oxygen in various industries. The oxygen scavenger reacts with dissolved oxygen and prevents the reduction of oxygen to hydroxide ions, thus acting as a corrosion inhibitor.