When water passes through various stages of purification, it must be disinfected to the extent necessary, depending on its intended use. For example, drinking water, after purification and removal of suspended and dissolved substances, must be free from any microbial contamination and not pose any health and safety risk to the consumer. The destruction or inactivation of microscopic organisms and pathogenic microorganisms is known as water disinfection.

صنعت فولاد از مقادیر زیادی آب استفاده می کند. با این وجود مقدار بسیار کمی مصرف می شود، زیرا اکثر آب استفاده مجدد شده یا به منبع باز می گردد. آب نه تنها در عملیات خنک سازی، بلکه در فرایندهای دیگر مانند پاک کردن رسوبات و تمیز کردن گرد و غبار استفاده می شود.

Coagulants are key components for the wastewater treatment process that stick to the suspended solids and settle them so that they can be easily removed and the treatment process is carried out. It is very important to choose the type and amount of coagulant to prevent non-compliance and overdraft as well as to reduce the cost of consumption. The appropriate and practical choice of a coagulant can be critical for the success of a process. Coagulants are used to remove the disorganization of colloidal suspensions and neutralize suspended solids.