Miscellaneous forms of corrosion

The effect of chlorine and chloride parameters on the corrosion of stainless steels and the parameters affecting their corrosion rate, as well as the acceptable limits of chlorine ion levels in water and the differences in the effects of free chlorine and chloride on the corrosion of corrosion-resistant steels, are stated.

Localized corrosion caused by the concentration of caustic or alkaline salts, which usually occurs under conditions of high evaporation or heat transfer. Caustic salt or caustic soda is one of the most widely used ionic compounds and is used in various industries including water treatment, cardboard and paper production, oil and refinery industries, aluminum production industries, food industries, alcohol production and glass.

It refers to general or localized corrosion of carbon steels and other metals caused by dissolved salts, gases, organic compounds, or microbiological activity.

Microbial corrosion is a type of corrosion caused by living organisms such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. This type of corrosion is often associated with tubercles or slimy organic materials.

Corrosion processes are divided into three groups in a more comprehensive classification: corrosion in aqueous solutions or environments, corrosion in molten salts and liquid metals, and corrosion in gases.

Corrosion is a natural phenomenon that occurs as a result of the electrochemical reaction of metal with the surrounding environment. In the oil and gas industry, corrosion is one of the major problems that accounts for a huge amount of money annually. Part of these amounts are related to the corrosion of pipes or oil transmission lines. Effective ways to prevent corrosion of oil transmission and storage equipment are divided into two categories: physical and chemical solutions.

The coupon method or corrosion coupons is the simplest method of corrosion monitoring. Coupons are the oldest corrosion monitoring tool. Corrosion coupons are small pieces of metal or alloy of the material of interest that are immersed in the process medium and removed after a specified period of time and their weight or dimension loss is evaluated and examined.

Deaerators are mechanical devices that remove dissolved gases from the boiler feedwater. By reducing the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the solution, they minimize corrosion and protect the boiler from the effects of corrosive gases.