Preliminary treatment is performed to optimize the use of membranes and increase membrane operating time. During this operation, water is prepared to pass through the membrane.

This device uses reverse osmosis to remove about 95 to 99 percent of the chemicals and salts in the water and is easily installed under the sink with a separate drinking water tap. The water filter only removes large particles and impurities in the water, such as mud, sand, and rust from pipes, while reverse osmosis, by using a semi-permeable membrane, not only removes particles mixed in the water, but also all chemicals and microbial, viral, and other contaminants dissolved in the water.

Osmosis is the movement of a solvent from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane. Reverse osmosis is a widely used separation technique with a variety of applications. Desalination of seawater and separation of organic and toxic substances from industrial wastewater are two important applications of this technology.