The incidence of each type of metal corrosion varies, and the importance of each type will vary across systems and environments. On the other hand, there are striking similarities in the distribution of corrosion damage across similar industries, and by comparing them, it can be seen that corrosion problems in similar industries are very similar.

In general, it can be said that the corrosion process will never stop, but it can be controlled to a large extent by implementing a corrosion management program. In fact, by implementing corrosion management, organizations can proactively plan to improve the way they design, operate, and maintain their critical assets, thereby reducing the cost of controlling damage and unexpected failures caused by corrosion.

Corrosion is a phenomenon that occurs in most environments, so no industry can be safe from the costs of corrosion. For example, the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, factories and heavy manufacturing industries (iron smelting, steelmaking, etc.), transportation, water and wastewater, are among the industries that are severely affected by this phenomenon. This section attempts to briefly examine corrosion in several important industries.

The destructive phenomenon of corrosion has a very long history, and mankind has always dealt with the problems caused by it, but scientific approach and study in this field do not have much history. In the middle of the 18th century, the phenomenon of corrosion was noticed, but no solution was presented to solve the problems caused by it.

In general, to facilitate the study of corrosion problems and to compare different metals with each other, the best method is to express the speed or rate of the corrosion reaction. Corrosion measurement units are used to express corrosion rates.

Metals are subject to corrosion in most chemical environments, for example, metals corrode in contact with water, moisture, acids, bases, salts, oils, gaseous substances and other chemicals. In general, minerals are more corrosive than organic substances. For example, corrosion in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries is often caused by the effects of minerals such as chlorine, sulfur, etc., rather than by organic substances such as oil, petroleum and diesel.

Failure to pay attention to corrosion problems in any industrial and manufacturing unit results in hidden costs that are impossible to avoid. Economic considerations are essential in each of the corrosion control methods. Of course, there is no need to choose the most expensive corrosion control methods, because the costs incurred may not be economically justified and waste capital.

In an effort to develop new materials, humans have succeeded in producing synthetic materials using organic materials (mainly hydrocarbons) found in nature. These materials mainly contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur and are known as polymeric materials.

Corrosion is often not uniform along the length of a member and is usually confined to the middle or ends of the member. In the case of piles, corrosion may be severe above the waterline and mild or absent below. This area of ​​maximum corrosion is often further away from the sections of maximum anchorage and shear forces, but rebar may be uniform throughout the member.

Corrosion inhibitors are substances that, when added in small amounts to a corrosive environment, slow down the rate of corrosion. In fact, an inhibitor can be considered a retarding catalyst. There are many inhibitors available with different compositions.

Corrosion inhibitors are additives that control corrosion by altering the metal surface, the environment, or both. Their mode of action is to alter the anodic, cathodic, or both reactions. There are many corrosion inhibitors available with different compositions. Most of these materials have been discovered and refined through experimental testing, and many of them are sold under trade names and their chemical composition is kept secret.

Corrosion in steam generation systems causes many problems in refineries, gas plants and petrochemical plants. Corrosion in boilers is a function of the concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia and the way these species are controlled, and in some cases is caused by the presence of hydroxide and chloride anions or high concentrations of chelating chemicals in the boiler water.

Corrosion is one of the most important problems in the cooling tower and causes cost loss and reduced efficiency of the tower. The presence of various factors in the tower makes it easy for corrosion to occur in the cooling tower. The presence of water as an electrolyte and also the presence of metals of different types in the tower as cathode and anode provides the basis for creating a chemical cell on a large scale.

Corrosion in steam boilers is caused by chemical and electrochemical reactions of metal with its surrounding environment. The most important corrosion factors in steam boilers are oxygen corrosion, carbon dioxide corrosion, corrosion due to pH drop, alkalinity corrosion, corrosion of hydrolyzable salts and corrosion of organic materials.

Hydrogen sulfide is an almost stable gas in the range of temperatures and pressures used in oil and gas exploitation systems, although in the presence of strong oxidants such as O2 and + Fe3, it can turn into elemental sulfur, which usually occurs in gas pipelines. It happens with high pressure or storage facilities. Hydrogen sulfide in concentrations higher than 80% is also found in some oil and gas reservoirs.

Corrosion in various industries, including in the oil and gas industries, imposes heavy sums of money to replace or repair equipment and machinery every year. Every year, 5% of the country's gross national product is wasted due to corrosion, and out of this 5%, about a fifth of it occurs in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries. One of the types of corrosion in oil and gas industries is corrosion caused by hydrogen sulfide gas.